Episodes

  • 72: Former Cryptids & The Art of a Scary Story

    72: Former Cryptids & The Art of a Scary Story
    Oct 24 2024

    Cryptids may be spooky, but what about the spooky animals that turned out to be... real?? And what makes a good spooky story? Could it be something secretly... heartwarming??

    Timestamps:
    (00:07:15) Intro
    (00:04:21) Former Cryptids
    (00:54:25) The Art of Spooky Stories
    (01:52:33) Outro

    Support us with a Max Fun Membership!

    Join our Discord!

    We also learn about: Caroline have you never met a vampire? that was from episode number Four Three, what’s spookier than having to be known, Ella met Tom the true Cryptid, the cryptid museum was research, formerly the cryptic mascot: the Okapi, komodo dragons inspired king kong, 60 iron tipped teeth (like beavers), dragon virgin birth, yes queen life finds a way, squid squads on the hunt, only photographed in 2004, 20 years ago - don’t say that, 8 fully controllable giant tentacles, “I’m learning!” as it drags you down to the bottom of the ocean, save the whales because we need them on our team for the kraken wars, you know what’s not a cryptid? western hegemony, the head of a fox and the tail of a monkey, so many names for the jackalope across the world, are jackalopes cancer??? the Jackalope and HPV vaccine are zero degress of separation away, Ella writes a sappy ending for Tom, Ella watched The Ring at 6, being retold Evangelion in an art class, a meteor made of vampires, King’s 3 kind of scary, “don’t you like to feel the shivers?”, evangelical horror, Zhiguai - accounts of the strange, a story of a beautiful harp player, creepypastas, Ella formaly apologize for her cocktober misstep, “I see you sluts out there and I don’t want to do you any disservice, two sentence horror, the artistry of Telling a scary story, maybe the real spooky story was the friends we made along the way who were dead the whole time.

    Sources will be added soon! But good on your for looking for them so quickly :) this gold star's for you! ⭐

    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 57 mins
  • 71: 🎂 Good Invasive Species, Rock Climbing, and Ig Interviews

    71: 🎂 Good Invasive Species, Rock Climbing, and Ig Interviews
    Oct 10 2024

    For our birthday this year, we've each gifted a topic for one another! For Caroline, an environmental hot take: can invasive species ever be... good? For Tom, an entire topic about one of his favorite hobbies: rock climbing! And for Ella, interviews from the Ig Nobel Laureates this year.

    Support us with a Max Fun Membership!

    Join our Discord!

    Timestamps:
    (00:00:00) Intro
    (00:09:04) Good Invasive Species
    (00:46:31) Rock Climbing
    (01:18:05) Ig Nobel Interviews
    (02:01:14) Outro

    We also learn about: In podcast years we’re 60, Ella’s party hat, what’s your favorite color and least favorite invasive species, it’s my birthday also, the zebra mussel, Humanity: “Hubris et Brevi Perspicacia”, canetoads that can’t even reach the beatles, maybe Ella is biased being part of the largest invasive species: the brits, not all non-native species are invasive, the neutral long island wall lizards, should I stan or cancel the grass? you can’t get rid of the nonnative birds in hawaii without killing the native plants, knowing beneficial non-native species helps us triage the real problems, Caroline’s thesis was on this??? a traditional LLE answer: It’s Complicated, Tom simply screams, duck roll, GTA IV Trailer, songs when he was born, but how does this involve scientology? what makes us human, Live from the Ig Nobels, “Don’t Die”, sometimes you need to remember to breathe, “I mostly just watch clips on Lateral”, Blue Zones, Dr Saul Newman’s Poem, Skinner’s pigeon guided missiles somehow missed Ella, minority report for pigeons, “I’m from New York Most of the Times”, vortex energy capture, The Water Swims the Fish took years, a long winded way to say just keep swimming, the silly in the science, Tom rips up Caroline’s gift.

    Sources:
    Canal & River Trust: Zebra Mussles
    National Museum Australia Cane Toads in Australia
    Wikipedia: Beavers in Patagonia
    Scientific American: Hawaiian Birds
    The Conversation: Some ‘invasive species’ can help native ecosystems thrive.
    The Hawaii VINE project
    Hofstra University: Italian Wall Lizards
    Trends in Ecology and Evolution: Valuing the contributions of non-native species to people and nature
    Brown University Press Release
    Brown Daily Herald: Rebuttal
    ---
    Rock Climbing sources coming soon!
    ---
    Ig Nobel Ceremony 2024
    Max Planck Institue on Blue Zones
    UCL on Saul Newman's Work
    Pre-print of Saul Newman's Paper
    Smithsonian Mag on the Pigeon Project
    NIH on Operant Conditioning
    APA Eminent Psychologists of the 20th Century Survey
    Julie Vargas Queens University Belfast Interview
    Jimmy Liao's Dead Trout Paper
    Show More Show Less
    2 hrs and 6 mins
  • 70: The Core of the Earth & Planned Obsolescence

    70: The Core of the Earth & Planned Obsolescence
    Sep 26 2024
    What's actually going on in the center of the Earth, and just how interesting and useful could it be? And how did the now ubiquitous Planned Obsolescence start with... bicycles??Images we Talk About:An Early BicycleBilhert's AnimationsTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:05:06) The Core(00:58:24) Planned Obsolescence(01:45:52) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: Core Memories, we live on the zest of a lemon, there’s something neapolitan icecreamy about the Earth, Bridgmanite is 38% of the Earth, The Iron Catastrophe sounds metal as hell, an audio journey to the center of the Earth, “Eat My Ass Out Radiolab”, Earth’s Internal Heat Budget is half original energy and half nuclear, the Earth won’t cool down for at least another 10 years, the American Miscellaneous Society’s Project Mohole, in 20 years we dug 12 km and escaped the solar system, when you don’t have earthquakes- use grenades! the shadow in the center of the Earth, Inge Lehmann kicks ass, “the master of a black art”, the inner core wobbles, the core is grainy and grows faster under Indonesia, the 2 most magical things: cold beer and hand warmers, the Inner Core Nucleation Paradox, “how wonderful that we have been met with a paradox, now we have some hope of making progress” - Niels Bohr, the Earth’s magnetic dynamo, Planetary Habitability is uh pretty important, everyone say thank you to the core, the innermost inner core, sometimes the one you’re looking for has been right below you this whole time, Tom falls hook line and sinker for a sudden 175 page bicycle paper, the first bikes without pedals or steering, the boneshaker, older men used tricycles, only the rich and adventurous used bikes, the safety iphone, you’re still using a bike 8? 10% of ads had a bicycle, Bernard London coined phrase the phrase 100 years ago, Planned Obsolescence was a legal proposal, contrived durability, there’s so many flavors and they all suck, e-waste, fast fashion is a vicious cycle, please I’m so full no more obsolescence words, car scrapping, why can we only help the planet when we also make a ton of money too, I’ve never seen someone so excited over Right to Repair, what do you mean you didn’t check every country’’s legal system? SourceSEG Wiki on the Layers of the EarthForbes: Bridgmanite“Six ‘Must-Have’ Minerals for Life’s Emergence”Olsen Lecture on the Iron CatastropheBureaeu of Economic Geology on Mohole & KolaScience Article on BridgmaniteBritannica on Richard Dixon OldhamAMNH's Wonderful Article on Inge Lehmann & EarthquakesDon Anderson Paper Review of the Inner CoreSmithsonian Mag on Inge LehmannExcellent Review from Harvard on Lehmann's Groundbreaking PaperGeological Society of America on Super RotationScientific American on Core SlowingSpace on Core GrowthUniversity of Leeds on the Inner Core Nucleation ParadoxScientific American on Core Paradox2023 Paper on the Innermost Inner Core---Science Direct: Planned Obsolescence1984 Paper: An Economic Theory of Planned Obsolescence1998 Paper: The Most Benevolent Machine: A Historical Assessment of Cycles in Canada2023: A Deep Dive Into Addressing Obsolescence in Product Design: A ReviewIndieAuto: 1960's VW AdPERC: Planned Obsolescence: The Good and the BadBBC: How The Right to Repair Might Change TechnologyThe Guardian: Planned Obsolescence: The Outrage of Our Electronic Waste MountainCBS News: Apple is Sending Out Payments to iPhone Owners iImpacted by "Batterygate." Here's what they are getting.The Evening Standard: Apple Battery LawsuitIberdrola: Planned obsolescenceUNITAR: Global e-Waste Monitor 2024BBC: E-waste: Five Billion Phones to be Thrown Away in 2022European Parliament: The Impact of Textile Production and Waste on the Environment (Infographics)The Atlantic: The Neurological Pleasures of Fast FashionBritannica: Fast FashionEllen MacArthur Foundation: Fashion and the Circular EconomyWRAP: 2022 Press ReleaseWRAO: 2022 ReportNatGeo: Fast Fashion Goes to Die in the World's Largest Fog Desert.UK Parliament: Vehicle scrappage schemesCars Lost Forever In The 2009 Scrappage SchemeBBC: 2030 petrol ban2019 Paper: Consumer Responses to Planned ObsolescenceRight to Repair EUEuropean Parliament: Right to RepairBHS: Sewing Skills
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 52 mins
  • 69: Hank Green, Sex Science, Reverse Platypi, and the First Dick Drawing

    69: Hank Green, Sex Science, Reverse Platypi, and the First Dick Drawing
    Sep 12 2024
    Longtime inspiration and friend of the show Hank Green joins us for a very special episode! How do colonial organisms with just one queen avoid incest? How many Ig Nobels have gone to sex science? Can the team figure out the identity of the Reverse Platypus? When was the first dick grafitti, and could the story actually be... wholesome???Watch: The video of the unexpected momentImages we talk about:MRI of SexRat Pants DiagramThe Phallodeum ImageVenus of Hohle FelsThe Debatable DickHadrian's Wall Dick GraffitiVindolanda's SECVNDINVS DickThe Vindolanda DickNikasitimos's DickTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:06:40) How Not to Colonial Incest(00:20:52) Ig Nobel Sex Studies(00:39:07) The Reverse Platypus(01:06:31) The First Dick Graffiti(01:33:10) Hank Questions(01:53:44) OutroOur Tea Affiliate Link!Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about:Emmy award winning standup comedian Hank Green, the fellowship of the ning, the literal birds and the bees, the icelandic ant geneology app, icelandians are my favorite colonial organism, breeding flight, slay queen - happy pride everyone it’s when we’re recording this, sperm storage, queens have a life's worth of sperm and eggs inside them, Spermathica that’s my word of the day, the termite queen stores the sperm inside a king, “he’s not my boyfriend he’s my sperm storage unit”, naked mole rats may do incest but they dont have cancer! the answer is “all of the strategies somewhere”, after all reproduction is The Thing in evolution, the ribbed condom won all the prizes that year, any topic can be a sex topic if you try hard enough, I think the ancient greeks proved a gay bomb would make them more powerful, MRI Porn is a new fetish, we should study sex more, sex makes you want to pee, whatever you’re doing pee right now, The Sex Live of Pantsed Rats, would rats be sexier if they wore pants like this or this, our google history is fucked, polyester testicle sling contraception, The Awesome Polyester Scrotum Cup Club, if you’re creative they’re all sex numbers, shark live birth is metal, teamwork - what is this the lateral podcast? Jules Howard presents Duck Vagina VR, “if it’s Caecilians I’m going to be so mad”, Bizarre Beasts gave Tom a heart attack, the Reproduction DLC, Caroline falls in love with Caecilians, “they come in blue!”, all that matters is How Do They Bone! lots of non mammals give live births sharks to snakes to aphids, phallodeum: penis day! “we had to make a whole new peen word!”, phallodeum photo watermark, I haven’t looked at every caecilian penis okay! “can you make it into cheeeese thoooough”, we’ve invented a new fetish and a new delicacy, Caecillians and Sicillians have a lot in common, why are not talking about this more! “it’s not surprisingly, maybe I’m just very smart!”, 40,000 year old genital sculptures, Venus Hohle Fels, the debated dick, ah the conclusive slit! “it’s like looking for a face in a cloud”, the penis test is whether it would be confiscated in school, penis art vs penis graffiti, how many penises on Hadrian’s wall, almost one dick per mile, time to penis, “are you ready for your next penis”, Secundinus deez nuts, when Nick and Tim have sex so good they carve about it on a wall, “little special moments all over the world”, Pompeii sex graffiti, eventually this will be historic! we bully Hank into following Caroline, competing on TikTok is hard and also it’s broken, Hank derails us with a mouth coil, Hank’s science journey, counting clams for the science fair, people like seeing real science, Thanks Hank!Sources:List of Ig Nobel PrizesMRI Genitals StudyVice: MRI Sex StudyRats Having Sex in Little Outfits StudyThe Rat Study but HumansSex Improves Breathing Study---NatGeo Caecilian OverviewTextbook Caecilian OverviewExcellent Caecilian Reproduction ReviewExtensive Paper on the PhalodeumVarious Non-mammal MilksThe Recent Study on Caecilian MilkNYTimes Interview on Caecilian Milk---2009 Paper: A female figurine from the basal Aurignacian of Hohle Fels Cave in southwestern GermanySmithsonian Magazine: The Cave Art DebateNew Atlas: Scientists Clash Over World's Oldest Penis Carving2023 Paper- Symbolic innovation at the onset of the Upper Paleolithic in Eurasia shown by the personal ornaments from Tolbor-21 (Mongolia)IFL Science: Ancient Roman Penis Graffiti Shows Humans Will Never ChangeBBC News: Lewd Roman Insult Found on Stone Near Hadrian's WallThe Guardian: 2,500-Year-Old Erotic Graffiti Found in Unlikely Setting on Aegean Island
    Show More Show Less
    2 hrs and 1 min
  • 68: Phrenology & Lego

    68: Phrenology & Lego
    Aug 29 2024
    It's an infamous pseudoscience, but what haven't we learned from the rise and fall of Phrenology? And Lego are ubiquitous, which means there's a lot to learn and a lot of nuance for our love of these stackable bricks.Things we Talk About:The Phrenology PampheletThe Lego Cullen HouseLego SeismometerCERN Lego DeviceThe Brick Experiment ChannelTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:03:32) Phrenology(00:56:34) Lego(01:38:25) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: Get the lego phrenology set now! just listing all the lego sets, academic racism, the head wasn’t always so important, the Cardiocentric Hypothesis, Minds Behind the Brain, ancient egyptians just tossed the brain, Aristotle thought the brain was a radiator to keep the heart from overheating, the brain doesn't Look like it does anything, Galen suggested the brain might be important actually, sperm for brains, Caroline enjoys tricking us by saying a person’s good ideas first, Cephelocentric Hypothesis, mapping the brain in the 1600s, NOT related to the frenulum, buzz feed phrenology quizzes, flexing your brain so hard it breaks your skull, Tom is proven to be not funny, our desire for personality tests and fortune telling, travelling phrenology salesmen, there shouldn’t be medical celebrities, phrenology was a passion of the elites, reading an actualy travelling phrenology sheet, “differently bumped”, edibnugrh fringe was a lot less fun when it was the phrenology capital, we checked and it’s actually mozambique have the best brains - just gotta take the L on this one, Marie Jean Pierre Flourens kicked ass and helped kill Phrenology with real science, it comes in like a fad and leaves like a fad, I only liked phrenology before it was cool, the scammers are making our racism look bad! we’re not harsh enough about phrenology, “repoliticizing” phrenology, when it’s built its just one thing but when its pieces it can be anything, shirtless lego jacob, 20,000 lego sets, Play Well - Le go, after enough fires lets just stop using wood, stud and tube design, the lego To Kill a Mockingbird set, mindstorm was ahead of its time, Caroline’s got their lego driver’s license from legoland, lego nerd culture, adults without kids spend more, “transbranding”, Ella had to read so much corporate jargon but it’s impossible to not talk about their business strategies , lego seismograph outside the eras tour, CERN lego, their story is better than ours dad, instructions for a lego skin cell printer, LEGO: expensive for toys - cheap for science equipment! David Aguilla’s prosthetic project, Tracey Williams’ Lego Lost at Sea project, plastic’s resilience is a positive and a negative, lego replay and reuse, this is a trust test of nuance and both things being true at the same time.Sources:Minds Behind the Brain: A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries by Stanley FingerThe University of Queensland: Understanding the Brain: A Brief hHistoryBrain Beats Heart: A Cross-Cultural ReflectionMerriam Webster: PhrenologyThe Antlantic: The Shape of Your Head and the Shape of Your MindBritannica: PhrenologySmithsonian Insider: Study Finds Facial Structure of Men and Women Has Become More Similar Over Time2005 Paper: The Reliability of Sex Determination of Skeletons From Forensic Context in the BalkansThe Guardian: Archaeology’s Sexual Revolution2018 Paper: An Empirical, 21st Century Evaluation of PhrenologyCarnegie Mellon University: Phrenology2021 Paper: Phrenology and the Average Person, 1840–1940The University of Edinburgh: Phrenology and EdinburghGina Rippon: When Bigger Isn’t Always Better: How History Got The Female Brain WrongAuguste Comte and John Stuart Mill on Sexual EqualityThe Guardian: Django Unchained and the racist science of phrenology2007 Paper: Marie Jean Pierre Flourens (1794–1867): An Extraordinary Scientist of His Time---Lego Twilight Cullen HouseBrick Architect: Number of Lego BricksBrickset: Number of Lego SetsBrick Economy Most ValuableBrick Economy Most ExpensiveWikipedia: LegolandLego History Chapter by Lars KonzackLego Mindstorms WikipediaWhat is Transmedia? ArticleLego and Transmedia ResearchLego And “Transbranding” BlogpostLego Seismometer KitLego Seismometer Youtube ClipGuardian Article: David Aguilar Lego ProsthesesHand Solo Youtube ChannelLego Table From CERNArticle on Other Lego Scientific Tools!Cardiff University: Lego BioprinterLego 3D Printer PaperLego Inventions Video (Pancake Flipper and Super 8 Projector)Lego T-Rex SculptureLego Every Day Stuff IdeasLego Lost at Sea TwitterLego Shark TweetTracey Williams Book: Adrift: Lego Lost at SeaTokio Express Crash Context ArticleTracey Williams: Lego at Sea PaperStatista Lego CO2 EmissionsLego: 99% Outside EmissionsLego Replay InitiativeBBC: Lego from Recycled Plastic 2018Wired: Lego from Recycled Plastic 2024
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 43 mins
  • Recast: LLE on SIF - Eeny, meeny, miny, moe

    Recast: LLE on SIF - Eeny, meeny, miny, moe
    Aug 15 2024

    While we're sending Tom "Well Wissage" and a speedy recovery, enjoy Ella & Caroline on this tremendous episode of one of our sibling shows on the network, Secretly Incredibly Fascinating!
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 6 mins
  • 67: Epigenetics & The Overlooked World Games

    67: Epigenetics & The Overlooked World Games
    Aug 1 2024
    You may have heard Epigenetics used as a buzzword, but what is it really? Is it something we know about, something still new, or... both? And what in the world are the World Games, and what makes them better than the Olympics?Links we Talk About:Ella's SciShow Video on X Chromosome DiseasesSport CastingFin SwimmingHaudenosaunee FlagChristopher Root's Incredible Paper on the Colonization of LacrosseThe Adorable NYMuseum Haudenosaunee VideoTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:04:21) Epigenetics(00:57:40) The World Games(01:50:54) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: Ella passes her driving exam Tom’s not bitter about John Oliver, what is y’alls familialarity, epi- meaning on top of, epigentics are like tabs or blacked out text in the book of your DNA, epigentics stop your brain from turning into bone, oh did other people help Rosalind Franklin with the double helix? bases and double helixes and histones, literally blocking DNA from being read, epigentics are less cyberpunk and more exercise is good for you, epigentics is why you go blind from masturbating, it’s simpler in animals, “I’ve been here the whole time!”, “you’re enough Tom”, 2 X chromosomes means you have an extra, X Inactivation, Calico Cats are Genetic Mosaics, your epigentic markers are like your browsing cookies: you clear them before giving them to someone, are pollinators plant cucks? Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance, is it nature or nurture? generational trauma doesn’t have to be epigenetic to be real, inherited cherry blossom mouse sensitivity, the effects are subtle, Ella might have a high epigenetic age from her rock and roll lifestyle, this is so new there’s so much we don’t know, the epigenetic advice: healthy diet and exercise, how different could the world games be? casting for sport, wait did you hear me say break dancing is this a bit, the worst SEO for a name ever, Rugby 7s started at the World Games, the World Games are as old as Beyoncé, let’s do our own thing we’ll definitely be more popular than the olympics, tried at the hague? we sure did! at the least the World Games are being honest about it being a bumpy ride, the “Memorandum of Understanding” reads like a parenting agreement, grouping by sport not nation, the curse of hosting the olympics, reviving forgotten sports like Tug of War, wait who was first?? guys come on have some respect for yourself! breaking records with fins, shark skin suits aren’t biomimicry, tech doping, fin swimming and barebow archery, murderball is an official world game sport, the NYTimes officially called lacrosse “frat boy” sport, mile long hundred person lacrosse, of course sports are spiritually healing, colonizing lacrosse, Haudenosaunee - the people of the long house, Tom cut it with the sad voice tell us what happened, “we wouldn’t be here without their medicine game… they need to be there”, we’ll have to see if the olympics accept the Haudenosaunee, if your games are as old as beyonce you dont have to worry about breaking tradition, “nothing is silly, everything should be respected and held up”, Ella goes OFF and takes over the topic.Sources:Chromosome StructureAboud et al. What Is Epigenetics?Nature: Types of Epigenetic ModificationsStudy on Exercise and EpigeneticsNature: Diet and EpigeneticsMacdonald: Epigenetic ImprintingNature: When Imprinting goes wrongBasta & Pandya: The Beautiful X ChromosomeGetting the Right Amount of XReview on X InactivationCalico Cat X Chromosome InctivationPBS: Lamarckian EvolutionCell: Transgeneration Epigenetic InheritenceHow Epigenetics are Wiped CleanTransgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Prisoners of War StudyTEI Dutch Famine StudyTEI Study Children of Holocaust SurviversTEI Cherry Blossom Mice StudyEpigenetic Clock Review---Casting Federation RecordsWorld Games Website: About1993 World Games at The HagueThe Olympic "Memorandum of Understanding"Reporting on the First World GamesWorld Games President Interview about Wheelchair RugbyNYTimes on Indigenous LacrosseOnondaga Nation on LacrosseChocktaw Nation on LacrosseChristopher Root's Incredible Paper on the Colonization of LacrosseHaudenosaunee HistoryNPR on Haudenosaunee Players at the Olympics
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 57 mins
  • 66: What is a Species & What is UK Voting?

    66: What is a Species & What is UK Voting?
    Jul 18 2024
    It's a word we say all the time but... what IS a species? How has it been used in the past, and could the different answers all be right? And how does voting work in the UK? It starts with voting for knights, and could hopefully end in the future with something even better.Images we Talk About:Ella's Zoom MoustacheTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:04:23) What is a Species?(01:01:54) UK Voting(01:50:46) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: Jenny Lec, the definition we know is wrong, has anyone taken my title On The Origin of Species? This is my favorite! Oh shit… generic and specific, thinking of species as logical units, Kingdom Phylum Friends Acquaintances Work Friends Genus Species, the anime dewey decimal system, dark fungi, the cognitive dissonance of science at the time, even Darwin didn’t have a good definition of species, 1942 is when the common species definition was popularized, Biological - Evolutionary - Genetic definition of species, species gerrymandering, there is only 1 species of giraffe but should there be 4? policy first science, you don’t need hard definitions to do amazing things, nature is constantly doing kickflips over our no skateboarding signs, you really put your whole polizzy into naming that hybrid, a ring of banging around the himalayans, ring species in actuality look like a biblically accurate angel, let’s just ask what definitions scientists use, you can’t tell if fossils ever fucked, we only knew about human neandrethal interbreeding since 2010, what’s so wrong with having multiple species definitions? there’s a lot to biology! in between “there’s one answer” and “there’s no answers” is “there’s many answers”, Lizzy Poll, you can just call an election early?? in the UK you just vote for your member of parliament, it’s actually really weird to have a separate vote for president, every 2 steps forward is brought 1 step back by “the monster raving loony party”, Elmo think women no need to vote, the house senate and president, coalitions, tea cups with electoral college members on them, electing knights in the first parliament in 1264, bloc voting lets you pick your top favorites, Cromwell was the first Footloose, we had discovered quantum physics before women could vote, First Past the Post was only establish in 1948 in the UK, what are the positives of First Past the Post and cockroaches? please let us loose to bash FPTP, tactical voting, Australia has a version of Ranked Choice, Tom finally gets to wax poetic about Ranked Choice Voting, france’s 2 round voting, if the definition of species should match the task why not the type of voting system? the 2011 voting reform attempt, it’s been the foundation of this country for generation, try ranked choice voting on smaller scales and locally, Ella falls in love with herself, happy hour gender confusionSourcesCarl Zimmer for NYT "What is a Species Really?"Aristotle's Use of Species and GenusQueiroz on Ernst Mayer and Species DefinitionsMontana State on Linneus and Species DefinitionsDark FungiErnst Mayer's Modern Excellent "Systematics And The Origin Of Species"Paper Debating Darwin's Definition of SpeciesBird InterbreedingScientific American on Wolf SpeciesThe Greenish Warbler Broken Ring SpeciesStankowski and Ravinet's Amazing "Quantifying the use of Species Concepts"NHM "Are Neandrethals the Same Species as Us"---Sky News: General Election ExplainedUK Parliament: Voting Systems in the UKElectoral Reform Party: How Long Have We Used First Past the Post?2019 Paper: Electoral Systems and Electoral Reform in Historical Perspective by David KlempererParliament UK: Magna CartaPDF: UK Parliament and the MonarchyUK Parliament: Women get the VoteBBC: Voting System in the UKUK Parliament: Proportional RepresentationThe Guardian: ‘Disproportionate’ UK Election Results Boost Calls to Ditch First Past the PostThe Conversation: The Conservatives May Regret Campaigning to Keep First Past the Post in 2011
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 56 mins