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In this episode, we dive deep into the world of ocular nutrition with Professor John Nolan, exploring how specific nutrients can play crucial roles in preserving eye health, improving vision and supporting cognitive function.

With age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affecting millions globally, Professor Nolan sheds light on groundbreaking research showing how certain carotenoids—natural pigments found in plant foods—could impact eye health and perhaps even neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.

But what are these compounds exactly, and why are they so impactful?

Through in-depth clinical studies, Nolan has identified optimal nutrient formulations that could bridge the gap in conditions as diverse as macular degeneration and cognitive decline. He makes a compelling case for why the timing and quality of these interventions could matter as much as diet itself.

Finally, this episode goes beyond individual health to consider public health implications, particularly the need for better regulation in the supplement industry and enhanced nutritional education for medical practitioners.

• [01:20] Professor Nolan’s academic journey and early inspirations in vision science
• [02:12] Groundbreaking research on age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
• [04:24] How carotenoids contribute to eye health and disease prevention
• [07:27] Expanding from eye research to exploring brain health connections
• [16:23] Overcoming challenges in developing effective nutritional supplements
• [20:57] The role of preventative nutrition in eye and cognitive health
• [27:28] Key findings from major human trials on carotenoids and vision
• [33:37] Evidence linking carotenoids to cognitive health and aging
• [42:53] Practical insights for medical practitioners on using nutrition for eye health

Links:

• Go to episode page
• Join the Sigma email newsletter for free
• Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium
• Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course
• Caretenoid supplement mentioned by Prof. Nolan: MacuPrime

In the world of sports nutrition, understanding how different supplements and nutrients impact not just physical performance but also cognitive function is rapidly gaining traction. Athletes are constantly seeking that competitive edge, and while many are familiar with the benefits of carbohydrates and caffeine for energy and focus, there’s much more at play.

Emerging research is highlighting the roles of compounds like creatine and omega-3s, not only for muscle recovery but also for brain health, particularly following traumatic brain injuries (TBI).

Beyond the usual suspects of performance nutrition, intriguing compounds like theacrine and tyrosine are entering the conversation. With potential cognitive effects that range from improved focus to faster decision-making, these supplements have sparked interest but also raise questions.

How strong is the evidence behind these claims, and where do we draw the line between scientific promise and practical application? How do we apply the science in real-world settings where perfect data may not exist?

This episode addresses these questions via the insights of Professor Shawn Arent of University of South Carolina.

• 01:44 – Dr. Arent’s key areas of research
• 04:03 – Defining and understanding cognitive performance in athletes
• 09:31 – The impact of carbohydrates on cognitive function and decision-making
• 29:00 – Protein, amino acids, and their role in cognitive function under stress
• 34:17 – How caffeine enhances cognitive performance: decision-making and reaction time
• 42:00 – Comparing the effects of theacrine and caffeine on cognitive and physical performance
• 44:48 – How caffeine dosing impacts sleep and recovery
• 46:55 – Theacrine, dynamine, and emerging supplements in sports performance
• 57:56 – Nicotine’s potential cognitive benefits and the associated risks for athletes
• 01:04:56 – Creatine and omega-3s: their roles in brain health and concussion recovery
• 01:13:05 – Navigating the challenges of applying research to real-world practice

Links:

• Go to episode page
• Join the Sigma email newsletter for free
• Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium
• Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course
• Get research reviews from Dr. Eric Trexler and collegues